Vol. 5, Issue 1, Part A (2025)

Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RPLPS) is a rare malignant tumour arises from the adipose tissue of retroperitoneal cavity. Its deep-seated position and gradual development frequently lead to the manifestation of non-specific symptoms, resulting in diagnosis at a more advanced stage. A 47-year-old male patient presented with complaints of abdominal pain and distension for one month. Imaging conducted using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) identified a substantial retroperitoneal mass with fat density, measuring 35cm × 30cm × 25 cm. The patient successfully underwent surgical excision of the tumour, which measured 30 × 25 cm, under general anaesthesia. Histopathological examination and Immunohistochemistry analysis confirmed the diagnosis of a well-differentiated liposarcoma exhibiting Murine double minute 2 (MDM2) positivity. The post-operative recovery was with no complications and the patient was discharged in a stable condition. This case highlights the importance of advanced imaging techniques and histopathological assessment in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal liposarcomas. Total surgical removal of retroperitoneal mass continues to be the cornerstone of curative therapy for well-differentiated retroperitoneal liposarcomas.